The Levels of Evidence are often represented by a pyramid, with the highest levels of evidence (least common) near the top, and the lowest levels of evidence (most common) near the bottom. The pyramid above is based on the TRIP rating system for therapeutic studies, but a variety of rating systems exist.
SUMMARIES |
Secondary Pre-appraised Research |
Regularly updated guidelines that integrate evidence-based information about specific clinical problems. |
Resource types: Practice guidelines, clinical reviews, and position statements |
SYNTHESES & SYNOPSES |
Secondary Pre-appraised Research |
Summarized evidence from high-quality studies surrounding a specific research question.
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Study types: Meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and RCTs, some with quality ratings based on study methodology. |
Provides access to multimedia, drug monographs, case studies, and core physical therapy textbooks that cover anatomy, physiology, biomechanics, diagnostics, and treatment as well as NPTE study guides
INDIVIDUAL STUDIES |
Primary Original Research |
Original research conducted to answer specific questions.
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Study types: Case series, case reports, case control, cohort, RCTs, qualitative studies, and more. (Resources below also contain syntheses such as systematic reviews and meta-analyses.) |
Search the web for articles, books, theses, and other sources spanning many disciplines. Many results will be from scholarly sources. Access full-text articles from your search by selecting the FullText@NAU link. To see the FullText@NAU links in Google Scholar from any computer anywhere, link your Google Scholar account to NAU.
Search for additional condition-specific information in the Books and eBooks tabs above.
Physician-authored clinical decision support resource used by clinicians to make point-of-care decisions. (In support of healthcare education in Arizona, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Arizona has sponsored this for your use.)
From the United states Census Bureau, find popular facts (population, income, etc.) and frequently requested data about your community.
Full list of journals available through NAU Libraries
Database of video content covering topics in social science, arts, humanities, business, science, and engineering.
Films on Demand is a database that provides access to over 20,000 streaming videos appropriate for academic research. Videos can be watched in their entirety, or as individual segments, on your computer.
PBC Library hosts an extensive collection of advanced, anatomical models available for student and faculty use.
If you'd like to checkout one of the models, please keep in mind:
*UofA models guide by Kelley Howard. For questions, please contact catherine lockmiller.
Acland's Atlas of Human Anatomy presents dissections of unembalmed human bodies, allowing access to specific content through indexes and keyword searches. The specimens rotate relative to the camera, giving a three-dimensional view.
The following resources are licensed by NAU for student and faculty use:
Provides instant access to multimedia and core medical textbooks, including Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment and Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine.
Physician-authored clinical decision support resource used by clinicians to make point-of-care decisions. (In support of healthcare education in Arizona, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Arizona has sponsored this for your use.)
creating equitable opportunities for physical activity participation will aid in reducing inequities in health behaviors as well as promote equity in health outcomes (e.g., cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes). Equity in health implies that 'ideally everyone should have a fair opportunity to attain his or her full potential and, more pragmatically, that no one should be disadvantaged from achieving this potential, if it can be avoided'.
In the same report, it was noted that people are less likely (and often unable) to meet daily and weekly physical activity needs due to their belonging to an underserved social group. For instance:
In order to help combat these disparities, athletic trainers can promote community engagement in underserved populations through four specific components: 1) creating public awareness 2) developing educational initiatives 3) building partnerships of practice, and 4) using evidence-based approaches to evaluate interventions.
Additionally, athletic trainers should practice with the NATA Code of Ethics in mind.
The following websites are all vetted resources that work toward at least one of these components: